Spatial information extraction of fishing grounds for light purse seine vessels in the Northwest Pacific Ocean based on AIS data.

Ecological fishery management requires high-precision fishery information to support resource management and marine spatial planning. In this paper, the Automatic Identification System (AIS) was adopted to extract the spatial information on the fishing grounds of light purse seine vessels in the Northwest Pacific Ocean. The spatial distributions of fishing grounds mapped by the data mining, kernel density analysis and hotspot analysis methods were compared. The spatial similarity index was applied to determine the spatial consistency between the computed spatial information and fisheries resource information. Finally, the spatial information derived by the best method was used to investigate the characteristics of fishing activity. The results showed that: the speed of light purse seine vessels related to operations was lower than 1.6 knots. The spatial information extracted by the three methods was consistent with the catch data distribution, and the spatial similarity between the fishing effort and catch data was the highest. The spatial variation in fishing activity was similar to that in the chub mackerel migration route. AIS data could be used to provide high-resolution fishery information. Light purse seine fishing vessels typically operate and travel along the exclusive economic zone boundary, and increased attention must be given to fishing vessel operation supervision. A comprehensive supervision system can be employed to monitor the operations of fishing vessels more effectively. The results of this study can provide technical support for the management of fishing activities and conservation of marine resources in this region using AIS data.

The efficacy and safety of retroperitoneoscopic renal pedicle ligation of lymphatic disconnection versus open surgery in the treatment of chyluria: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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OBJECTIVE: The current meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of retroperitoneoscopic renal pedicle ligation of lymphatic disconnection (RRPLD) compared with open surgery (OS) in the treatment of chyluria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Relevant studies were retrieved from MEDLINE, EMBASE, -SCOPUS, the Cochrane library and two Chinese literature database resources (Wanfang and CNKI) in March 2016. All eligible studies comparing RRPLD with OS for chyluria were included in this study. The main outcome including operative time, blood loss, postoperative (PO) intestinal recovery time, PO drainage duration, PO hospital stay, PO time of returning to work, PO bed time, and complications as well as rate of recurrence for RRPLD and OS were pooled using the Revman software. RESULTS: Twelve studies with a total of 620 patients were included in this meta-analysis. Of these patients, 365 and 255 had undergone renal pedicle lymphatic ligation via RRPLD and OS, respectively. There were significant reductions in operative time, PO intestinal recovery time, PO drainage duration, PO hospital stay, PO time of returning to work, and possible reductions in intraoperative blood loss intraoperative and PO complications for RRPLD compared to OS. However, other outcome variables, such as PO time in bed and PO recurrence, were not found to be statistically significant for either group. CONCLUSION: Compared with OS, RRPLD has several advantages such as shorter operative time, less intraoperative blood loss, and lower incidence of complications. Thus, it may be an efficacious and safe therapeutic modality for chyluria.

SOCS6 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor by Inducing Apoptosis and Inhibiting Angiogenesis in Human Prostate Cancer.

BACKGROUND: Our previous studies revealed that the downregulation of Suppressor of cytokine signaling 6 (SOCS6) was correlated with malignant progression of human prostate cancer (PCa). AIMS: In the current study, we aimed to investigate the tumor suppressive roles of SOCS6 and the underlying mechanisms in PCa. METHODS: SOCS6 expression in PCa and non-cancerous prostate tissues was compared by immunohistochemistry. Statistical associations of SOCS6 expression with various clinicopathological features and patients prognosis were evaluated. In addition, we investigated SOCS6's functions by overexpressing it in vitro (cell apoptosis, migration and invasion assays) and in vivo (tumor formation, angiogenesis and apoptosis). Moreover, SOCS6-regulated genes were identified by nextgeneration RNA-sequencing analysis, followed by pathway enrichment analysis and in vitro experimental validation. RESULTS: SOCS6 downregulation was significantly associated with advanced clinical stage (P=0.029) and positive lymph node metastasis (P=0.013) in PCa patients. We also identified SOCS6 as an independent prognostic factor for disease-free survival in PCa patients (P=0.045). Moreover, overexpression of SOCS6 inhibited PCa cell invasion, migration, tumor xenografts growth and angiogenesis, but induced PCa cell apoptosis (P values <0.05). Mechanically, we revealed that SOCS6 expression may induce cell apoptosis coincident with down-regulation of Bcl2 and Hspa1a, and may suppress tumor angiogenesis with downregulation of F7, Fak3 and Frzb. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the reduced expression of SOCS6 may be predictive of unfavorable prognosis in PCa. Thus, SOCS6 may serve as a tumor suppressor and a novel therapeutic target for this cancer.

Supine Versus Prone Position in Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy for Kidney Calculi: A Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: There are several positions in the operation of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), such as prone position, supine position, flank position, and modified supine position for PCNL, but the supine and prone positions are the main two choices for several years. However, there is still discrepancy on the optimal position for PCNL. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to evaluate safety and efficacy of the supine versus the prone position in PCNL for renal calculi. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and the Cochrane database libraries to look for relevant studies. All eligible controlled trials comparing supine versus prone positions for treating renal calculi were included in the meta-analysis. The main outcome of efficacy (stone-free rate, mean operative time, and hospitalization time) and safety (complication, blood transfusions) were assessed by using Review Manager 4.2 software. We calculated the estimate of effect associated with the two positions according to the heterogeneity using random-effects or fixed-effects models. RESULTS: Thirteen studies (six randomized controlled trials and seven retrospective studies) with a total of 6881 patients contributed to this meta-analysis. The meta-analysis indicated/suggested that PCNL in the prone position was associated with a higher rate of stone clearance than PCNL in the supine position (odds ratio [OR]: 0.74; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.65, 0.84; p < 0.00001). A shorter mean operative time was observed in the supine groups (weighted mean difference [WMD]: -18.27; 95% CI: -35.77, -0.77; p = 0.04). Compared with the prone position, there was also a lower incidence of blood transfusions in the supine groups (WMD: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.95; p = 0.02). No difference was observed between the positions with regard to the hospital stay (WMD: -0.14; 95% CI: -0.76, 0.47; p = 0.65) and complications (OR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.02; p = 0.10). CONCLUSION: Compared with the prone position, the PCNL in the supine position has a slightly lower rate of stone clearance, albeit shorter mean operative time, and lower incidence of blood transfusions. The meta-analysis suggests that the PCNL in the supine position is a promising alternative.